C++ Program To Implement String I

 

What Is String?

A string is a data type used in programming such as int, float, char, but it is used to represent text rather than numbers.

Here we will see programs to implement string and various predefined function used to simplify strings.

How to initialize string?

Program:

string str = "bybeastcoder";
cout << str;

Output:

bybeastcoder

Program:

string str;
cout << "Enter any string: ";
cin >> str;
cout << "Entered String is: " << str;

Output:

Enter any String: Work Hard
Entered String is: Work

In above program we entered "Work Hard" but it printed just "Work". So to get more than one word or to get a sentence we will use a predefined function "getline();"

Program:

string str;
    
cout << "Enter any String: ";
getline (cin,str);
cout << "Entered String is: "<< str;

Output:

Enter any String: Work Hard
Entered String is: Work Hard

How to add two strings?

There are two ways to add strings 1) using ' append() ' function and 2) using ' + ' operator.

Program:

1. string s1 = "progr";
   string s2 = "amming";
   
   s1.append (s2);   //append function used to add two strings
   cout << "Sum of s1 and s2 is: " << s1;

2. string s1 = "progr";
   string s2 = "amming";
   
   cout << s1 + s2;

Output:

1. Sum of s1 and s2 is: programming

2. programming

New Function is empty() & clear() :-

To check whether the string is empty or not we use a predefined function called ' empty() '. Here we will use one more function to clear the string called ' clear() '. So let's see how to implement it.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main ()
{
  string s = "C++ Programs";
  cout << s << endl;
    //if s.empty() gives '0' it means string is not empty
    //and if s.empty() gives '1' it means string is empty
  cout << s.empty () << endl;

  s.clear ();

  cout << s.empty () << endl;


  return 0;
}

C++ Programs
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New Function is erase() and find() :-

What erase()  and find() function do? It erases n characters present in any string from the given index. And find() function finds the input characters and outputs starting index.(remember that indexing starts from zero)

string s = "fashion";

cout &tl;< s.find ("io") << endl;

s.erase (2, 3);	 //1st argument is index and 2nd is number of chars to be deleted

cout << s;

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